GLP-1 Health Gains Beyond Weight Loss

At Iowa Weight Loss Specialists, we know weight loss is about more than the number on the scale; it’s about transforming your overall health. One of the tools we use, when appropriate, is a class of medications called GLP-1 receptor agonists, such as Ozempic®, Wegovy®, Mounjaro®, and Zepbound™. These medications are well known for helping with significant weight loss and blood sugar control, but exciting new research shows they may also offer benefits for your brain, heart, kidneys, and more.

Our goal is to help patients understand the full scope of what these medications can do, so they can make informed decisions about their long-term health. While these findings are promising, it’s important to note that most of these additional benefits are still under study and not yet FDA-approved indications.

Brain Health and Alzheimer’s Disease

Reduced Inflammation

Chronic inflammation in the brain is linked to Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative conditions. Studies suggest that GLP-1 drugs may reduce this inflammation, helping protect nerve cells.

Improved Blood Flow

By improving vascular health, GLP-1s may enhance blood flow to the brain, ensuring nerve cells get the oxygen and nutrients they need.

Potential to Slow Amyloid Plaque Buildup

Amyloid plaques, clumps of abnormal protein, are a hallmark of Alzheimer’s. Early research suggests GLP-1 medications may slow or reduce their formation.

Support for Neuroplasticity

GLP-1 receptors are found in areas of the brain involved in learning and memory. Stimulating these receptors may help brain cells communicate better, supporting cognitive function.

Evidence:

• The Fisher Center for Alzheimer’s Research Foundation reports a significant reduction in dementia risk among people taking GLP-1 drugs.
• A 2024 Alzheimer’s Association International Conference study found that liraglutide (a GLP-1 medication) slowed brain volume loss in people with mild Alzheimer’s.

Mental Health and Addiction

Fewer Cravings

Some patients report that GLP-1s reduce cravings, and not just for food, but for alcohol, sugar, and even compulsive shopping.

Potential Role in Treating Addiction

A large 2024 Nature Medicine study found lower rates of alcohol-, cannabis-, stimulant-, and opioid-use disorders among GLP-1 users. Researchers are exploring how these medications might be used alongside traditional addiction treatments.

Mood and Emotional Well-being

Some studies suggest GLP-1s may lower the risk of depression, anxiety, and even suicidal thoughts, though more research is needed to confirm these links.

Heart and Blood Vessel Protection

GLP-1s improve metabolic health, which in turn protects the heart. Benefits include:

• Lower risk of heart attack and stroke – In 2024, the FDA approved Wegovy to reduce cardiovascular risk in adults with obesity and heart disease.
• Improved blood pressure – Tirzepatide (Mounjaro/Zepbound) significantly reduced systolic blood pressure in a recent Hypertension study.

Better heart health may also support brain health, since cardiovascular disease is a major risk factor for dementia.

Kidney Protection

Ozempic was recently approved to reduce the risk of worsening kidney disease in adults with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Protecting kidney function helps maintain overall health and may indirectly benefit the brain and heart.

Sleep Apnea Improvement

In late 2024, Zepbound became the first medication approved to treat moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity. Weight loss from GLP-1 use likely plays a role, but researchers also suspect the drugs may help regulate breathing patterns.

Insulin Sensitivity and Brain Health

Insulin resistance is linked not only to type 2 diabetes but also to Alzheimer’s disease. GLP-1s improve insulin sensitivity, potentially reducing the risk of neurodegeneration.

A Word of Caution

While the potential benefits are exciting, GLP-1 medications aren’t risk-free. Possible side effects include nausea, vomiting, and, in rare cases, pancreatitis. Older adults may also face a greater risk for muscle loss, which is why resistance training and adequate protein intake are recommended during treatment.

These medications are not currently approved to prevent or treat Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, or addiction. If you’re interested in GLP-1 therapy, talk with your healthcare provider about whether it’s right for your medical history and goals.

The Bottom Line

GLP-1 medications are proving to be powerful tools for more than just weight loss. From supporting brain health and protecting the heart to improving sleep and reducing certain disease risks, the potential benefits are remarkable. While ongoing research will help us better understand exactly how these medications work, one thing is clear: when used appropriately and under medical supervision, they can make a significant difference in overall health.

At Iowa Weight Loss Specialists, we take a personalized approach to obesity medicine by helping each patient choose the right tools to meet their goals while protecting their long-term health. If you’re curious about whether GLP-1 therapy is right for you, our medical team is here to guide you through the options, answer your questions, and create a plan that fits your needs.

Ready to explore how GLP-1 medications could support your health beyond the scale?

Contact Iowa Weight Loss Specialists today to become a new patient and take the first step toward lasting wellness.